python的数据类型有:数字(int)、浮点(float)、字符串(str),列表(list)、元组(tuple)、字典(dict)、集合(set)。
python学习网,大量的免费,欢迎在线学习!
一般通过以下方法进行判断:
1、isinstance(参数1,参数2)
描述:该函数用来判断一个变量(参数1)是否是已知的变量类型(参数2) 类似于type()
参数1:变量
参数2:可以是直接或间接类名、基本类型或者由它们组成的元组。
返回值: 如果对象的类型与参数二的类型(classinfo)相同则返回True,否则返回False。
例子:
#判断变量类型的函数 def typeof(variate): type=None if isinstance(variate,int): type = "int" elif isinstance(variate,str): type = "str" elif isinstance(variate,float): type = "float" elif isinstance(variate,list): type = "list" elif isinstance(variate,tuple): type = "tuple" elif isinstance(variate,dict): type = "dict" elif isinstance(variate,set): type = "set" return type # 返回变量类型 def getType(variate): arr = {"int":"整数","float":"浮点","str":"字符串","list":"列表","tuple":"元组","dict":"字典","set":"集合"} vartype = typeof(variate) if not (vartype in arr): return "未知类型" return arr[vartype] #判断变量是否为整数 money=120 print("{0}是{1}".format(money,getType(money))) #判断变量是否为字符串 money="120" print("{0}是{1}".format(money,getType(money))) money=12.3 print("{0}是{1}".format(money,getType(money))) #判断变量是否为列表 students=['studentA'] print("{0}是{1}".format(students,getType(students))) #判断变量是否为元组 students=('studentA','studentB') print("{0}是{1}".format(students,getType(students))) #判断变量是否为字典 dictory={"key1":"value1","key2":"value2"} print("{0}是{1}".format(dictory,getType(dictory))) #判断变量是否为集合 apple={"apple1","apple2"} print("{0}是{1}".format(apple,getType(apple)))
返回:
2、通过与已知类型的常量进行比较
例子:
#判断变量类型的函数 def typeof(variate): type1 = "" if type(variate) == type(1): type1 = "int" elif type(variate) == type("str"): type1 = "str" elif type(variate) == type(12.3): type1 = "float" elif type(variate) == type([1]): type1 = "list" elif type(variate) == type(()): type1 = "tuple" elif type(variate) == type({"key1":"123"}): type1 = "dict" elif type(variate) == type({"key1"}): type1 = "set" return type1 #返回变量类型 def getType(variate): arr = {"int":"整数","float":"浮点","str":"字符串","list":"列表","tuple":"元组","dict":"字典","set":"集合"} vartype = typeof(variate) if not (vartype in arr): return "未知类型" return arr[vartype] #判断变量是否为整数 money=120 print("{0}是{1}".format(money,getType(money))) #判断变量是否为字符串 money="120" print("{0}是{1}".format(money,getType(money))) money=12.3 print("{0}是{1}".format(money,getType(money))) #判断变量是否为列表 students=['studentA'] print("{0}是{1}".format(students,getType(students))) #判断变量是否为元组 students=('studentA','studentB') print("{0}是{1}".format(students,getType(students))) #判断变量是否为字典 dictory={"key1":"value1","key2":"value2"} print("{0}是{1}".format(dictory,getType(dictory))) #判断变量是否为集合 apple={"apple1","apple2"} print("{0}是{1}".format(apple,getType(apple)))
返回:
isinstance() 与 type() 区别:
type() 不会认为子类是一种父类类型,不考虑继承关系。
isinstance() 会认为子类是一种父类类型,考虑继承关系。
如果要判断两个类型是否相同推荐使用 isinstance()。
python学习网,免费的在线学习,欢迎关注!